The DV for vitamin A is 900 mcg RAE for adults and children age 4 years and older [11], where 1 mcg RAE = 1 mcg retinol, 2 mcg beta-carotene from supplements, 12 mcg beta-carotene from foods, 24 mcg alpha-carotene, or 24 mcg beta-cryptoxanthin.
so retinol and retinol are both vitamin a's. and both stimulate collagen production. But there is a major difference. Retinol is 10 times more bioavailable than retinol, which means quicker results. How is this possible? I'm gonna tell you. After retinol is absorbed into the skin, it has to take 2 processes to convert.
The RDI for retinol is often shown as retinol equivalents, as vitamin A can be synthesized from so called pro-vitamin As, namely ß-carotene and other carotenoids. It can be calculated as follows: 1 μg retinol activity equivalent (RAE) = 1 μg retinol = 6 μg ß-carotene = 12–16 μg of other pro-vitamin A carotenoids.
The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for men and women is 900 and 700 μg retinol activity equivalents (RAE)/day, respectively. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for adults is set at 3,000 μg/day of preformed vitamin A.
The recommended daily allowance (RDA) for men is 900 MCG REA, or 3,000 international units (IU). For women the RDA is 700 mcg RAE, or 2,330 (IU). For all adults, the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) — the most vitamin A one can take without experiencing negative health effects — is 3,000 mcg RAE, or 10,000 IU.
The present study suggested that a Vitamin A oral supplementation provided an additional effect in improving skin appearance in subjects with mild to moderate skin aging treated with a retinol-based topical product, supporting the value of this “In&Out” strategy.
Vitamin A deficiency can result from inadequate intake, fat malabsorption, or liver disorders. Deficiency impairs immunity and hematopoiesis and causes rashes and typical ocular effects (eg, xerophthalmia, night blindness).
Yet, while preformed vitamin A is effectively absorbed, stored, and hydrolyzed to form retinol, provitamin A carotenoids like β-carotene are less easily digested and absorbed, and must be converted to retinol and other retinoids by the body after uptake into the small intestine.
Preformed vitamin A encompasses metabolically active compounds such as retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and retinyl esters. Although essential for overall health, excessive consumption of preformed vitamin A can lead to acute and chronic toxicity.
Both Vitamin C and Retinol provide similar benefits, which is why dermatologists often recommend using them together. If you have dull and dry skin, start with Vitamin C. For fine lines and wrinkles, incorporate retinol into your routine.
That means it is absorbed into the body with dietary fat, and then stored in the body's own adipose tissue. As a result, you can store enough vitamin A to last for months, but if you take in more than you need, it will slowly build up in your body's tissues.
In addition, several over-the-counter products containing retinoids, such as retinol, are available. Because they're not as strong (and thus less irritating), they are not as effective in reducing wrinkles as tretinoin; but they do improve the appearance of photo-aged skin.
It contains Granactive Retinoid (Hydroxypinacolone Retinoate). This is a Retinoic Ester, and is bioavailable in its current state – this means the skin doesn't need to convert it, like it does a retinol for example, so therefore is more potent, but because it is an ester, it's more gentle.
Conclusions: Topical retinol improves fine wrinkles associated with natural aging. Significant induction of glycosaminoglycan, which is known to retain substantial water, and increased collagen production are most likely responsible for wrinkle effacement.
Retinol is actually just another word for vitamin A. It is an extremely effective cell-communicating ingredient, meaning the substance can literally attach itself to almost every skin cell and it 'tells' the cells that they should behave like healthy, younger skin cells. Retinol is an antioxidant.
In addition to the 4 symptoms listed above, 10 other symptoms were classified as possibly related to retinol ingestion: alopecia, conjunctivitis, dysuria, epistaxis, exanthema, menstrual changes, musculoskeletal stiffness and pain, nausea or vomiting, peeling palms or soles, and skin infections.
Retinaldehyde or retinal
When compared to retinol, retinal is further along the vitamin A pathway and is just one conversion step away from becoming retinoid acid. This means that it acts faster than retinol on the skin; making it the most potent form of vitamin A that you can buy without a prescription.
Retinol is a powerful tool against aging skin and acne, but it's not for everyone. If you're prone to allergies or have sensitive skin, you might want to try skincare products with alternative antiaging or skin-clearing ingredients.
Vitamin B Deficiencies
Vitamin B1 deficiency will cause toxic optic neuropathy and can cause blurred vision. Vitamin B2, B3 and B6 deficiencies will lead to eye infections and dry eyes. Vitamin B12 deficiency may cause retinal bleeding and nerve tissue damage and can lead to permanent vision loss.
There is evidence that vitamin A, vitamin B complex, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, biotin, and the minerals chromium, iron, selenium, and zinc play important roles in maintaining skin heath. Additional supplementation may be helpful for specific skin conditions.
You can also get vitamin A by including good sources of beta-carotene in your diet, as the body can convert this into retinol. The main food sources of beta-carotene are: yellow, red and green (leafy) vegetables, such as spinach, carrots, sweet potatoes and red peppers. yellow fruit, such as mango, papaya and apricots.
What vitamin deficiency causes sagging skin? A deficiency in Vitamin C can accelerate skin ageing, resulting in premature skin sagging and wrinkling. This is because Vitamin C enhances the production of the protein collagen, which is vital to providing the firmness and vibrancy that counteracts skin sagging.