Minoxidil, 6-amino-1,2-dihydro-1-hydroxy-2-imino-4-piperidinopyrimidine, is synthesized from barbituric acid, the reaction of which with phosphorus oxychloride gives 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine. Upon reaction with ammonium, this turns into 2,4-diamino-6-chloropyrimidine.
Minoxidil has been used as a vasodilator, but latterly it has become more popular as a hair restorer; it is obtained by the reaction of piperidine with 2,6-diamino-4-chloropyrimidine N-oxide.
The preparation method of 5% per 1000 milliliters minoxidil solution: get 1,500 milliliters of 2-propylene glycol, 300 milliliters of 95% ethanol, be heated to 40 ℃, add minoxidil 50 grams, stir and make dissolving, make the minoxidil alcoholic solution, sodium thiosulfate 4 grams and 4-butyl amine hydrochlorate 0.5 ...
Minoxidil-induced telogen effluvium: The shortening of the telogen phase caused by minoxidil can result in excessive hair shedding in individuals. Skin irritation: This condition can lead to erythema, discomfort, and a burning sensation on the scalp.
Each mililitre (ml) of solution contains 50 mg of minoxidil. 1 ml is equivalent to 10 sprays. — The other ingredients are ethanol 96%, propylene glycol and purified water.
For example, when preparing a 1 wt% minoxidil preparation, minoxidil raw material: 1.0 g propylene glycol: 10.0 ml (10.4 g) ethanol (95%): 73.7 ml ( 60.05 g) Purified water: blended in such a ratio that the total amount becomes 100 ml.
In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration issued a black-box warning for pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and electrocardiogram (EKG) changes for oral minoxidil therapy. The potential for these adverse events explains its indication for only severe, treatment-resistant hypertension.
Topical minoxidil is generally well tolerated, but it can cause temporary hair shedding, scalp irritation, and changes in hair texture. In rare cases, it can contribute to a fast heartbeat. Some minoxidil side effects can be avoided by taking the low-dose tablet formulation.
You have significant side effects. It's expensive to continue using Minoxidil every day. You're concerned that Minoxidil is interacting with other medications you're taking. You've achieved the results you want and no longer want to use Minoxidil.
Minoxidil overdose can cause a broad range of serious cardiovascular side effects, including severe circulatory shock due to its direct vasodilatory effect, fluid retention, pulmonary edema, tachycardia-induced acute heart failure, and subendocardial ischemia.
Conclusion. A caffeine-based topical liquid should be considered as not inferior to minoxidil 5% solution in men with androgenetic alopecia.
These are the more serious side effects: Minoxidil can increase your heart rate and that could lead to chest pains or shortness of breath. There could be a sudden weight gain or swelling in hands and feet. In very rare cases, the person using Minoxidil could feel severe anxiety or depression (Klonopin)
Professor Chu knows of patients who have used minoxidil for 15–20 years with continuing good results: “I see patients who started using it many years ago when they noticed slight thinning, and they still have a good head of hair.
Minoxidil has other effects that could be bothersome for some patients. These include increased hair growth, weight gain, fast heartbeat, and chest pain. Before you take this medicine, be sure that you have discussed the use of it with your doctor.
Minoxidil is considered safe for long-term use; there are few to no withdrawal effects, nor long-term side effects (aside from in very rare cases).
According to experts at Harvard University, finasteride is more effective than minoxidil in treating hair loss. Up to two-thirds of people who use finasteride for male pattern baldness report good results in terms of new hair growth. Study results also suggest that finasteride is better than minoxidil.
Minoxidil helps stimulate the growth of hair and encourages follicular regeneration. Even though it is 60% effective, but still, the results are not permanent. Therefore, the individual must continue its usage till the regrowth of hair [2].
It's certainly premature to jump to conclusions that minoxidil promotes facial aging. If it does, it's rare - likely because not enough minoxidil reaches the facial skin.
Does Minoxidil increase testosterone? No – there is absolutely no evidence to suggest this. While studies have looked into the possible effect of the hair loss treatment on your hormones, no definitive conclusion has been reached. In fact, Minoxidil may well have the opposite effect.
It may cause weight gain due to water retention in the body.
As the skin's characteristics and responses can alter with age, older adults over 65 may experience different results or an increased risk of side effects. Despite its topical application, a small amount of Minoxidil can be absorbed by the body, potentially affecting blood pressure and overall cardiovascular function.
This observational study examined the data of over 400 patients to determine if minoxidil could cause hair discoloration. Based on the data, we hypothesize that this drug may cause hair discoloration with prolonged use and in people with a family history of hair greying.