What are the fundamentals of hair perming?

Author: Dr. Bethel Koss  |  Last update: Monday, June 16, 2025

Perming is a two-step process: Initially, a perming lotion is applied on hair that disrupts the bonds and chemically relaxes the hair. Mercaptans are used to soften the hair. Hair is wound over rollers or curling rods, to take their shape.

What is the basic principle of perming?

Perming The Hair:

The process we call permanent waving uses chemicals to break and reform the stronger disulfide bonds of the hair. When the hair is washed and wrapped on a perm rod (the rod size used determining the tightness of the curl), we place the hair in the physical shape we want it to take.

What are the basic requirements of hair perming?

Things You'll Need
  • Clarifying shampoo.
  • Perm kit (solution and neutralizer)
  • Old clothes.
  • Old towel.
  • Plastic cape.
  • Plastic gloves.
  • Pin.
  • 25 to 35 perm rods.

What I wish I knew before getting a perm?

5 Things to Know Before Getting a Perm
  • Perms work best on healthy hair. ...
  • There is a perm learning curve. ...
  • You can't just color your hair whenever you want. ...
  • You'll have to minimize exposure to water. ...
  • Consider your current haircut carefully.

What are the step by step procedure of hair perming?

A Guide to the Perming Process at Kosa Salon SF
  1. Step 1: Consultation. ...
  2. Step 2: Preparation and Sectioning Hair. ...
  3. Step 3: Wrapping Techniques. ...
  4. Step 4: Applying Perm Solution. ...
  5. Step 5: Rinsing and Neutralizing. ...
  6. Step 6: Heat Application. ...
  7. Step 7: Final Rinse and Styling.

How To Do Permanent Hair Perming || Permanent Hair Curl With@sabamani

What is the basic perm process?

During a Basic Perm service, our expert stylists carefully wrap hair sections around perm rods and apply a perming solution. This chemical process restructures the hair to achieve a uniformly curled appearance.

What not to do when perming hair?

The Don'ts of Perming Hair. Don't expose your hair to too much heat. Avoid using curling irons, hair straighteners, and other heat styling tools as much as possible, as they can damage your perm. If you must use heat styling, be sure to use a heat protectant spray first.

Who is not a good candidate for a perm?

People who already have curly, wavy or otherwise naturally textured hair are not going to be good candidates for perms. Exchanging once permanent curl for another, unfortunately, isn't what perms were designed for. They also probably aren't right for a perm if they have already had one or have had their hair relaxed.

Do perms permanently damage your hair?

Though the name suggests these waves will last forever, they're temporary. Perms can damage your hair over time. If you don't take care of your scalp health, you could get hair loss. Scalp health is important because once a hair follicle gets damaged, you can't grow new hair from that follicle.

What is the least damaging perm?

Cold perms, also known as acid perms, are often considered gentler on the hair compared to traditional heat-based methods. The process uses a milder acidic solution, which is less damaging to the hair's structure.

Who Cannot get a perm?

Tip 1 - Bleached/Pre Lightened hair cannot be permed

Thus before each color, always be sure to ask your stylist what goes into your hair. Inform your stylist that you intend to perm your hair in the near future, thus your hair cannot be bleached or pre lightened.

Which is better, spiral perm or regular perm?

While regular perms may last 3 – 6 months, a spiral perm (if taken care of properly) can last even longer. Spiral perms use a stronger perming solution than regular perms to keep the curls tight for as long as possible.

How long do perms last?

A perm typically lasts three to six months, depending on the type of perm you get, your hair type and how well you take care of it. A traditional perm that produces a uniform curl pattern can last 3-6 months, depending on how fast your hair grows and how you treat it.

What are the rules for a perm?

Post perm care
  • Wait 48-72 hours before shampooing your hair. ...
  • Do not stand under a shower head for 48 hours. ...
  • Avoid getting into a swimming pool or hot tub for 7 days. ...
  • Do not brush or pull hair for 24-48 hours. ...
  • Do not use a flat iron, curling iron or blow dryer for 48 hours. ...
  • Avoid coloring your hair for 3 to 7 days.

How much do perms cost?

At Kimage Salon, a digital perm by Senior Stylists ranges from $230 to $290, while a digital perm by Junior Stylists costs between $140 and $180.

What is the formula for perm solution?

Ammonium thioglycolate, also known as perm salt, is the salt of thioglycolic acid and ammonia. It has the formula HSCH2CO2NH4 and has use in perming hair. Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Does perm cause hair thinning?

However, when performed by an experienced professional, your perm shouldn't cause hair loss or damage your hair in any way. Unfortunately, when not performed correctly, the harsh chemicals used for a perm can damage your hair and possibly lead to thinning hair or hair loss.

How often should you perm your hair?

Modern perming methods and solutions are far less damaging than their 1980s counterparts, but they still can be damaging if you overdo it. We'd recommend waiting 8-10 months between each perm to give your hair a chance to recover. Ideally, you should only be perming your hair 1-2 times a year.

How to sleep with permed hair?

Keeping your permed hair safe overnight might be the most difficult task yet. Regular cotton pillowcases can cause friction that damages your hair. Sleep on a satin pillowcase instead to give your hair the freedom to move without damage. You could tie your hair up in a loose bun, braids, or do the plop method.

What is the most natural looking perm?

The most natural-looking perm is the beach wave perm which creates loose waves throughout the hair.

Is a perm a good idea for thin hair?

Thin hair is already delicate, and subjecting it to the chemical solutions and heat involved in perming can potentially lead to additional damage. The stress caused by the perming process may result in breakage, frizziness, and overall compromised hair health.

Why did my perm go away so fast?

Usage of The Wrong Conditioner/Shampoo

An example of an inappropriate shampoo is clarifying shampoo. Although clarifying shampoos are excellent for removing product buildup from natural hair, they are too harsh for freshly permed hair and cause the curls to give way too soon.

Why don't salons do perms?

“Perming doesn't get taught to hairstylists like it did in the 80s, so the technique has kind of died out a bit,” says Hersheson. “It's really important that the person you go to understands perms. You also need someone who will tell you not to have it done if your hair isn't in the right condition.

What destroys a perm?

Don't use products that contain parabens, sulphates, or alcohol as these can ruin your perm.

What oil is good for permed hair?

Best Hair Oil For Permed Hair
  • ProrasoProraso Beard Oil Wood & Spice 30ml. ...
  • SuavecitoSuavecito Beard Conditioner 237ml. ...
  • Napoleon PerdisNapoleon Perdis Best Of Colour Disc Eyeshadow Palette. ...
  • KerastaseKérastase Elixir Ultime Hair Oil 75ml. ...
  • KerastaseKérastase Elixir Ultime Hair Oil 30ml. ...
  • men-ümen-ü Shave Cream 100ml.

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